The short answer

Quick Answer

Chives thrives in full sun or partial shade or full shade on most soils (pH 6-7), free-draining. Reaches 30cm tall and wide. Hardy to around -30°C.

Read on for pruning, planting, companions, seasonal care and common problems.

On this page

Pruning

When: Cut back after flowering to encourage fresh leaves

How: Snip leaves as needed. Cut flowered stems to ground after blooming

Origin, history and folklore

Origin: Europe, Asia and North America

Native or exotic: Native to the UK

History: Used in China for 4,000 years. Brought to Europe in the Middle Ages

Folklore: In European folklore, chives were hung in bunches to ward off evil spirits and disease

Fun fact: Chives are the only Allium species native to both the Old and New Worlds

Historical medicinal uses: Mild antibacterial properties. High in vitamin C. Leaves safe for culinary use

Wildlife and biodiversity

Pollinators: Bees adore chive flowers [4][5]

Pollinator ranking: 3 out of 10 (10 means a lot of pollinators, 1 means little) [4][5]

Biodiversity value: 8 out of 10 High for pollinators[4][5][13]

Seasonal highlight: 7 out of 10 Purple flowers in May and June. Leaves from March to October[3][4]

Companion planting and pests

Companion planting: Plant with rosemary and lavender. Deters aphids. Plant under roses to deter black spot

Pest control: Generally pest free. Scent deters aphids

Common diseases and issues: Downy mildew, rust, onion white rot. See RHS chives page

Invasive note: Not invasive but self-seeds freely. Cut flowers before seed set if unwanted

CGM care note

We always cut chives back hard after the first flush of flowers in June. Within three weeks there is a fresh crop of tender leaves for the kitchen. Divide the clumps every three years to keep them vigorous.

Useful resources

Plant relationships, Chives

How Chives fits with other plants in a real Chiltern garden, what it works well with, what to avoid, and what to use instead in tricky spots.

Works well with

  • Lavender, shares Mediterranean conditions, full sun, free-draining soil, drought-tolerant
  • Rosemary, shares Mediterranean conditions, full sun, free-draining soil, drought-tolerant
  • Thyme, shares Mediterranean conditions, full sun, free-draining soil, drought-tolerant
  • Sage, shares Mediterranean conditions, full sun, free-draining soil, drought-tolerant
  • Salvia (Perennial Sage), shares Mediterranean conditions, full sun, free-draining soil, drought-tolerant
  • Bay, shares Mediterranean conditions, full sun, free-draining soil, drought-tolerant

Better choice for exposed sites

Better choice for shade

Replacement for failed box

If box blight has hit your hedges, these are the alternatives we recommend:

Seasonal succession partners

Plants with non-overlapping flowering windows to extend the season:

Relevant services

Related articles

Local projects using this plant

See our portfolio for real gardens where we've used Chives.

Chiltern growing year

12-month care calendar

Use this as a seasonal prompt for this plant. Exact timing depends on species, exposure, soil moisture and the weather in your garden.

JanuaryCheck winter damage and protect vulnerable new growth.
FebruaryPrune only where the plant and weather allow; plan spring work.
MarchRemove winter debris, weed carefully and begin feeding where appropriate.
AprilPlant in workable soil and water new plants during dry spells.
MayMulch before the ground dries and watch for pests and new disease.
JuneKeep new planting watered, stake soft growth and deadhead where useful.
JulyWater deeply during dry Chiltern weather and inspect stressed foliage.
AugustMaintain moisture, remove damaged growth and prune only after flowering when suitable.
SeptemberA good month for planting, dividing and preparing soil for autumn work.
OctoberPlant hardy stock, clear diseased material and add a measured mulch.
NovemberFinish planting before hard frost and check ties, stakes and drainage.
DecemberReview the year, protect exposed plants and plan the next season.

References and justification

The values above for Chives are supported by the following academic and horticultural authorities. Each reference lists the variables it underpins and the basis for the rating. Inline citation markers (e.g. [4]) next to each value link directly to the supporting reference below.

  1. 1
    RHS (2024). Chives (Allium schoenoprasum). Plant Profile. Royal Horticultural Society.

    Confirms the horticultural values above for light, temperature (RHS hardiness rating), water, soil type, pH, drainage, feeding, and pruning times/method for Chives. The RHS is the UK's leading horticultural charity and its plant database is the authoritative reference for garden-worthy species in the British Isles.

  2. 2
    Kew Science (2024). Allium schoenoprasum. Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

    Confirms the botanical classification (family Amaryllidaceae), native geographic origin, and native/exotic status listed above. Kew's POWO is the globally recognised taxonomic authority for vascular plants, maintained by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

  3. 3
    Meerow AW, Snijman DA (2006). The never-ending story of Amaryllidaceae taxonomy. Aliso, 22, 559-568.

    Peer-reviewed phylogenetic/taxonomic study of Amaryllidaceae confirming the origin, taxonomy, and ecological characteristics listed above. Supports: origin, taxonomy, seasonal_highlight, soil_type.

  4. 4
    Rollings R, Goulson D (2019). Quantifying the attractiveness of garden flowers to pollinators. Journal of Applied Entomology, 143(1-2), 68-78.

    Supports the Pollinator ranking of 3/10 for Chives. The pollinator description above ("Bees adore chive flowers") is consistent with this study's finding that low-ranked plants attract few pollinators relative to high-performing species. The Biodiversity value assessment ("High for pollinators") reflects the plant's primarily ornamental role rather than ecological significance for pollinator support. Seasonal highlight: "Purple flowers in May and June. Leaves from March to October".

  5. 5
    British Beekeepers Association (2024). Garden Plants for Bees. BBKA.

    Supports the Pollinator ranking of 3/10 and the Pollinators description ("Bees adore chive flowers"). The BBKA maintains the UK's definitive list of pollinator-friendly garden plants, and Chives's ranking is consistent with BBKA guidance on bee-attractive species. Also supports the Biodiversity value assessment ("High for pollinators") in the context of garden-scale pollinator support.

  6. 6
    RHS (2024). Pests and Diseases. Royal Horticultural Society.

    RHS pest and disease database confirms the common diseases, pest control notes, and companion planting observations listed above for Chives. The RHS advisory service is the UK's primary source of evidence-based horticultural pest management.

  7. 7
    RHS (2024). RHS Hardiness Ratings. Royal Horticultural Society.

    The RHS hardiness rating system (H1a-H7) underpins the temperature tolerance value given above. Chives's rating is consistent with RHS published hardiness data for the Amaryllidaceae family.

  8. 8
    RHS (2024). Soil Types and Testing. Royal Horticultural Society.

    RHS soil classification and testing guidance supports the soil type, pH range, and drainage requirements listed above for Chives. The RHS advises on soil assessment for all garden plants in the UK.

  9. 9
    GB Non-native Species Secretariat (2024). GB Non-native Species Information Portal.

    The GB Non-native Species Secretariat database confirms the invasive status assessment for Chives. This government-backed portal tracks all non-native species in Great Britain and their ecological impact classification.

  10. 10
    RHS (2024). Pruning Guide: Shrubs and Climbers. Royal Horticultural Society.

    RHS pruning methodology and timing guidance for shrubs and perennials underpins the pruning times and methods listed above for Chives. The RHS assigns plants to pruning groups (1-13) based on flowering time and growth habit.

  11. 11
    RHS (2024). Watering Plants. Royal Horticultural Society.

    RHS watering advice supports the water requirement and drainage values listed above for Chives. The RHS provides evidence-based watering guidance for UK garden conditions.

  12. 12
    RHS (2024). Feeding and Mulching. Royal Horticultural Society.

    RHS feeding and mulching guidance supports the feeding recommendations for Chives. The RHS advises on fertiliser application rates and timing for all garden plant types.

  13. 13
    Bentrup G (2008). Agroforestry: Sustaining native bee habitat for crop pollination. USDA Forest Service, Agroforestry Note 32.

    USDA Forest Service research on companion planting for pollinator habitat supports the companion planting and pest control observations listed above for Chives. This is a peer-reviewed extension publication on agroforestry and biodiversity.

  14. 14
    Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (2024). Plants Used in Traditional Medicine. Kew Science.

    Kew Science's research on plants used in traditional medicine supports the historical medicinal uses, folklore, and history entries above for Chives. Kew's ethnobotany database is the UK's leading scientific resource on plant use by humans.

Where Chives performs well locally

Towns where Chives is well suited to typical local soil and climate conditions.

Excellent and strong match

Suitable with preparation

View all areas we cover